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The Participles

A Participle is a word which is partly a verb and partly an Adjective. Example.

  • Hearing the noise, the boy woke up.

In the above example the word in bolds shows the characters of both a verb as well as an adjective thus it is a participle.

Participle can be further classified into three types:

1. Present Participle

Those participles which represent a going on, incomplete or imperfect action are known as present participles.

  • We met a lady carrying a bucket full of water.
  • Loudly knocking at the door, he shouted for the help.

In the above examples the words in bold represents present participle as they are expressing going on actions.

2. Past Participle

Those participles which represent a complete action or state of thing spoken of are known as past participles.

  • Deceived by her husband, she lost all charm of life.
  • We saw a lot of tree laden with mangoes.

In the above examples the words in bold represents past participle as they are showing completed actions.

3. Participle Adjective

Those participles which are used as simple qualifying adjectives in front of noun are called participle adjectives.

  • He fought a losing battle.
  • Literacy is the most pressing need of our country.

In the above examples the words in bold represents participle adjectives.

List of Participles

Present Participle

Past Participle

Abiding

Abode/Abided/Abidden

Alighting

Alit/Alighted

Arising

Arisen

Awaking

Awoken

Being

Been

Bearing

Born/Borne

Beating

Beaten

Becoming

Become

Beginning

Begun

Beholding

Beheld

Bending

Bent

Betting

Bet

Bidding

Bidden/ Bid

Binding

Bound

Biting

Bitten

Bleeding

Bled

Blowing

Blown

Breaking

Broken

Breeding

Bred

Bringing

Brought

Broadcasting

Broadcast/Broadcasted

Building

Built

Burning

Burnt/Burned

Bursting

Burst

Busting

Bust

Buying

Bought

Casting

Cast

Catching

Caught

Choosing

Chosen

Clapping

Clapped/Clapt

Clinging

Clung

Clothing

Clad/Clothed

Coming

Come

Costing

Cost

Creeping

Crept

Cutting

Cut

Daring

Dared

Dealing

Dealt

Digging

Dug

Diving

Dived

Doing

Done

Drawing

Drawn

Dreaming

Dreamt/Dreamed

Drinking

Drunk

Driving

Driven

Dwelling

Dwelt

Eating

Eaten

Falling

Fallen

Feeding

Fed

Feeling

Felt

Fighting

Fought

Finding

Found

Fitting

Fit/Fitted

Fleeing

Fled

Flinging

Flung

Flying

Flown

Forbidding

Forbidden

Forecasting

Forecast/Forecasted

Foreseeing

Foreseen

Foretelling

Foretold

Forgetting

Forgotten

Forgiving

Forgiven

Forsaking

Forsaken

Freezing

Frozen

Frostbiting

Frostbitten

Getting

Got/Gotten

Giving

Given

Going

Gone/Been

Grinding

Ground

Growing

Grown

Handwriting

Handwritten

Hanging

Hung/Hanged

Having

Had

Hearing

Heard

Hiding

Hidden

Hitting

Hit

Holding

Held

Hurting

Hurt

Inlaying

Inlaid

Inputting

Input/Inputted

Interlaying

Interlaid

Keeping

Kept

Kneeling

Knelt/Kneeled

Knitting

Knit/Knitted

Knowing

Known

Laying

Laid

Leading

Led

Leaning

Leant/Leaned

Leaping

Leapt/Leaped

Learning

Learnt/Learned

Leaving

Left

Lending

Lent

Letting

Let

Lying

Lain

Lighting

Lit

Losing

Lost

Making

Made

Meaning

Meant

Meeting

Met

Melting

Molten/Melted

Misleading

Misled

Mistaking

Mistaken

Misunderstanding

Misunderstood

Mowing

Mown

Overdrawing

Overdrawn

Overhearing

Overheard

Overtaking

Overtaken

Paying

Paid

Presetting

Preset

Proving

Proven/Proved

Putting

Put

Quitting

Quit

Re-proving

Re-proven/Re-proved

Reading

Read

Ridding

Rid/Ridded

Riding

Ridden

Ringing

Rung

Rising

Risen

Riving

Riven/Rived

Running

Run

Sawing

Sawn/Sawed

Saying

Said

Seeing

Seen

Seeking

Sought

Selling

Sold

Sending

Sent

Setting

Set

Sewing

Sewn/Sewed

Shaking

Shaken

Shaving

Shaven/Shaved

Shearing

Shorn/Sheared

Shedding

Shed

Shining

Shone

Shoeing

Shod

Shooting

Shot

Showing

Shown

Shrinking

Shrunk

Shutting

Shut

Singing

Sung

Sinking

Sunk

Sitting

Sat

Slaying

Slain

Sleeping

Slept

Sliding

Slid/Slidden

Slinging

Slunk

Slitting

Slit

Smelling

Smelt/Smelled

Sneaking

Sneaked/Snuck

Soothsaying

Soothsaid

Sowing

Sown

Speaking

Spoken

Speeding

Sped/Speeded

Spelling

Spelt/Spelled

Spending

Spent

Spilling

Spilt/Spilled

Spinning

Spun

Spitting

Spat/Spit

Splitting

Split

Spoiling

Spoilt/Spoiled

Spreading

Spread

Springing

Sprung

Standing

Stood

Stealing

Stolen

Sticking

Stuck

Stinging

Stung

Stinking

Stunk

Striding

Stridden

Striking

Struck/Stricken

Stringing

Strung

Stripping

Strip/Stripped

Striving

Striven

Subletting

Sublet

Sunburning

Sunburned/Sunburnt

Swearing

Sworn

Sweating

Sweat/Sweated

Sweeping

Swept/Sweeped

Swelling

Swollen

Swimming

Swum

Swinging

Swung

Taking

Taken

Teaching

Taught

Tearing

Torn

Telling

Told

Thinking

Thought

Thriving

Thriven/Thrived

Throwing

Thrown

Thrusting

Thrust

Treading

Trodden

Undergoing

Undergone

Understanding

Understood

Undertaking

Undertaken

Upsetting

Upset

Vexing

Vext/Vexed

Waking

Woken

Wearing

Worn

Weaving

Woven

Wedding

Wed/Wedded

Weeping

Wept

Wending

Wended/Went

Wetting

Wet/Wetted

Winning

Won

Winding

Wound

Withdrawing

Withdrawn

Withholding

Withheld

Withstanding

Withstood

Wringing

Wrung

Writing

Written

Zincing

Zinced