Post Graduate Diploma in Renewable Energy

Year I

Block

Subjects of Study

Block-I

Introductory overview Energy sustainability, Present energy sources and sustainability, renewable energy sources, Energy services and efficiency improvement, energy in a sustainable future

Primary Energy World primary energy consumption, quantities of energy, interpreting the data, world energy sources, Primary energy in the UK, Denmark, USA, France and in India

Coal The fossil fuels, wood to coal, resource and its use, coal combustion, fires, furnaces and boilers

Oil and gas Oil and gas as primary fuels: the origin and geology of petroleum, the origins of the oil and gas industry, finding petroleum, refining and products, India’s demand for oil products and gas, substitutes for oil and gas Oil and gas as secondary fuels: Obstacles to coal conversion, gas from oil, oil from gas, gas from coal, oil from coal, non-conventional source of petroleum

Electricity Making electricity in the nineteenth century, development of electric lighting, uses of electricity, generation, transmission and distribution systems, electricity around the world

Nuclear power Radioactivity, nuclear fission, reactors, thermal fission reactors, nuclear fuel cycles, fast reactors, power from fusion

The future of nuclear power Reasons for decline, Nuclear power: a long-term answer to climate change, new nuclear development the future: conflicting views

Block-2

Forms of Energy Kinetic and potential energy, heat, electrical energy, chemical energy, electromagnetic radiation, nuclear energy and biochemical energy

Thermodynamics, heat transfer and transport phenomena: Zeroth law of thermodynamics, first law of thermodynamics: internal energy, enthalpy, specific heat, thermodynamic reactions and process, applications of first law, energy analysis of chemical reactions, phase change process, second law of thermodynamics, application of second law: steam power plant, Rankine cycle, Internal combustion engines, diesel engine, gas turbines, refrigeration cycle, Chemical thermodynamics, challenges to thermodynamics, description of various energy conversion equipments, Industrial energy conservation, sankey diagram, some case studies of energy conservation, Introduction to economic and financial analysis.

Heat to motive power Steam engines, the principle of heat engines, the age of steam, steam turbines, power station turbines

Oil and gas engines the petrol or spark ignition engine, the diesel engines, emissions from petrol engines, efficiency, German and British jet engines, modern jet engines, Industrial gas turbines, stirling engines

Basics of Economics and Financial Analysis: Economics of discount rate, concepts of net present value, incremental cost and benefits, cash flow analysis, private and social costs, Financial and economic analysis of energy technologies

Winter break (FTF interaction, site visits, lab exposure)

Block-3

Solar Thermal Engineering The rooftop solar water heater, the pumped solar water heater, the thermosyphon solar water heater, the wavelengths of solar water radiation, direct and diffuse radiation, availability of solar radiation, tilt and orientation, the magic of glass, low temperature solar energy, applications, active solar heating, passive solar heating, daylighting, solar thermal engines and electricity generation, economics, potential and environmental impact

Solar photovoltaic A brief history of PV, PV in silicon; basic principles, crystalline PV; reducing costs and raising efficiency, thin film PV, other innovative PV technologies, electrical characteristics of silicon PV cells and modules, PV systems for remote power; grid-connected PV systems, cost of energy from PV, Environmental impact and safety, PV integration, resources and prospects.

Bio-energy Bioenergy past and present, biomass as a fuel, bioenergy resources I: Energy crops, bioenergy sources II: wastes, combustion of solid biomass, production of gaseous fuels from biomass, production of liquid fuels from biomass, environmental benefits and impacts economics, prospects

Hydroelectricity the Galloway hydros, hydro: the resource, stored energy and available power, a brief history of water- power, types of hydroelectric plant, the Fancies turbine, propellers, impulse turbines, range of application, small-scale hydroelectricity, environmental considerations, integration, economics, prospects

Tidal power Basics, power generation, technical facts, environmental factors, integration, economic factors, tidal energy potential, tidal barrages, conclusions, Tidal streams, tidal current turbines: the next stage, tidal current assessment

Wind Energy & power in wind, wind turbines, aerodynamics of wind turbines, power and energy from wind turbines, environmental impact, economics, commercial development and wind energy potential, offshore wind energy

Wave energy Recent history, introductory case studies, physical principles, wave energy, wave energy resources, wave energy technology, economics, environmental impact, integration, prospects

Geothermal Energy Geothermal energy-an overview, the physics of geothermal resources, technologies for geothermal resource exploitation, environmental implications, economics and world potential

Elements of passive solar architecture

Block-4

Policy, Programs, Regulations etc. Policy Support for Grid Interactive Renewable Power: Electricity Act 2003, National Electricity Policy 2005, Tariff Policy 2006, National Rural Electrification Policies 2006, Renewable Power Policies, Grid Interactive and Off-Grid/Distributed Renewable Power, other support programmes of MNRE. Energy and climate change, Regulatory issues of coal, oil and gas, nuclear and hydro energy

Summer Break (Project work)

 Year II 

Block-I

Introductory overview Energy sustainability, Present energy sources and sustainability, renewable energy sources, Energy services and efficiency improvement, energy in a sustainable future

Primary Energy World primary energy consumption, quantities of energy, interpreting the data, world energy sources, Primary energy in the UK, Denmark, USA, France and in India What do we use Energy for? Primary, delivered and useful energy, the expanding uses of energy, Energy uses today

Coal The fossil fuels, wood to coal, resource and its use, coal combustion, fires, furnaces and boilers

Oil and gas Oil and gas as primary fuels: the origin and geology of petroleum, the origins of the oil and gas industry, finding petroleum, refining and products, India’s demand for oil products and gas, substitutes for oil and gas Oil and gas as secondary fuels: Obstacles to coal conversion, gas from oil, oil from gas, gas from coal, oil from coal, non-conventional source of petroleum

Electricity Making electricity in the nineteenth century, development of electric lighting, uses of electricity, generation, transmission and distribution systems, electricity around the world

Nuclear power Radioactivity, nuclear fission, reactors, thermal fission reactors, nuclear fuel cycles, fast reactors, power from fusion

The future of nuclear power Reasons for decline, Nuclear power: a long-term answer to climate change, new nuclear development the future: conflicting views

Block-2

Forms of Energy Kinetic and potential energy, heat, electrical energy, chemical energy, electromagnetic radiation, nuclear energy and biochemical energy

Thermodynamics, heat transfer and transport phenomena: Zeroth law of thermodynamics, first law of thermodynamics: internal energy, enthalpy, specific heat, thermodynamic reactions and process, applications of first law, energy analysis of chemical reactions, phase change process, second law of thermodynamics, application of second law: steam power plant, Rankine cycle, Internal combustion engines, diesel engine, gas turbines, refrigeration cycle, Chemical thermodynamics, challenges to thermodynamics, Flow of fluids, momentum balance, energy of a fluid in motion, principles of heat transfer, heat transfer through compound slab, steady heat flow in a cylindrical pipe, heat transfer in extended surface, unsteady heat conduction, convection, nucleate or pool boiling, heat exchanger calculation, mass transfer operations, molecular diffusion, interphase mass transfer, material balance, humidification process, absorption, adsorption and drying, drying kinetics

Heat to motive power Steam engines, the principle of heat engines, the age of steam, steam turbines, power station turbines

Oil and gas engines the petrol or spark ignition engine, the diesel engines, emissions from petrol engines, efficiency, German and British jet engines, modern jet engines, Industrial gas turbines, stirling engines

Basics of Economics and Financial Analysis: Economics of discount rate, concepts of net present value, incremental cost and benefits, cash flow analysis, private and social costs, Financial and economic analysis of energy technologies

Winter break (FTF interaction, site visits, lab exposure)

Block-3

Environmental and Health impact of energy use Classification of the impacts of energy use, household scale impact, workplace scale impact, community-scale impacts, regional scale impacts, global scale impacts, comparing the impacts of electricity generation systems, comparing the external costs of electricity generating systems

Block-4

General aspect of energy management and audit Energy management and audit, energy action planning, financial management, project management, energy monitoring and targeting

Energy efficiency in Thermal utilities Fuel and combustion, boiler, steam system, furnaces, insulation and refractories, FBC boilers, cogeneration, waste and heat recovery

Energy efficiency in electrical utilities Electrical system, electrical motors, compressed air system, HVAC and refrigeration system, Fans and blowers, Pump and pumping; systems, cooling tower, lighting system, DG set system, efficient technologies in electrical systems

Energy performance assessment for equipment and utilities Boilers, furnaces, turbines, heat exchanges, electric motors and variable speed Drives, Fans and blowers, water pumps, compressors, HVAC systems, lighting system, financial analysis, waste minimization and resource conservation

Case studies: Energy conservation in industries: Cement and Aluminium

Block-5

Solar energy and resources Solar radiation outside the earth’s atmosphere, solar radiation available on the earth’s surface, measurement of solar radiation, prediction of available solar radiation

Wind energy resource Overview of wind energy developments, physics of wind, wind system in India, Wind measurements, instrumentation and data characteristics, spatial wind resource assessment tools: GIS and satellite data

Geothermal, tidal, wave and ocean thermal energy Geothermal energy potential sites, volcano-related heat sources, sedimentary basins, hot-dry rocks, basics of tidal power, wave power, ocean thermal energy conversion, closed and open cycle development, mist lift, the two-stage mist lift

Bioenergy resources Biomass resources, characterization of biomass, bulk chemical potentials of biomass, structural properties, physical properties, properties of microbial biomass, biomass resource assessment

Summer Break (Minor project) 2^nd Year

Block-6

Solar Thermal Engineering Low-temperature solar systems: flat plate collector, solar water heaters, thermal storage systems, concentrating collector system

Photovoltaic Physics of semiconductors, introduction to photovoltaic technology, solar cell technologies, photovoltaic system engineering, and photovoltaic system design guidelines and methodology

Passive Solar Architecture and green buildings Climate and human thermal comfort, heat exchange in buildings, concepts of passive heating and cooling, passive concepts for composite climates, Concepts and case studies of green buildings

Block-7

Wind turbines & Wind Farms History and evaluation of wind turbines, rotor aerodynamics, evaluation of the modern wind turbine and its subsystems, wind farms

Small hydropower Global and Indian small hydro scenario, small hydro resource assessment, site evaluation

Geothermal, tidal, ocean etc

Winter break (FTF interaction, site visits, lab exposure)

Block-8

Thermochemical Conversion of biomass Biomass conversion routes, biomass densification technologies, biomass combustion, biomass pyrolysis, biomass gasification, guidelines for designing downdraft gasificers, tar formation and reduction, inverted downdraft gasifier stove

Biochemical Conversion Basics of biochemical process, aerobic and anaerobic systems for treatment of liquid wastes, aerobic and anaerobic systems for solid waste treatment

Liquid fuels from biomass Biomass constituents relevant to production of liquid fuels, liquid biofuels: alcohols, vegetable oil

Block-9

Policy, Programs and Regulations Policy support for Grid Interactive Renewable Power: Electricity Act 2003, National Electricity Policy 2005, Tariff Policy 2006, National Rural Electrification Policies, 2006, Renewable Power Policies, Grid Interactive and Off-Grid/ Distributed Renewable Power, other programs of MNRE, Regulatory issues of coal, oil and gas, nuclear and hydro energy

Block-10

Fossil Fuel Sustainability Fuel switching, carbon sequestration in the forest, carbon capture and sequestration beneath the earth’s surface, ocean sequestration of carbon, fuel cell, fossil fuel-based hydrogen economy. Global initiatives for climate change mitigation and adaptation (UNFCCC, IPCC, carbon trade etc.)

Block-11

Software tools for Energy Analysis Retscreen, HOMER, and other software: Fundamental of RETSCREEN and HOMER, applications and procedure

Major project