Maharashtra University of Health Sciences Courses

M.D.S. (Pedodontics)

Paedodontics & Preventive Dentistry

Course Contents

• Applied Anatomy
• Applied Physiology
• Applied Pathology
• Nutrition and Dietics
• Growth & Development : Prenatal and Postnatal development of cranium, face, jaws, teeth and supporting structures. Chronology of dental development and development of occlusion. Dimensional changes in dental arches. Cephalometric I; evaluation of growth.
• Child Psychology : Development & Classification of behavior, personality, intelligence in children, theories child psychology, stages of psychological child development, fear anxiety, apprehension & its management
• Behavior Management : Non - pharmacological & Pharmacological methods.
• Child Abuse & Dental Neglect
• Conscious Sedation, Deep Sedation & General Anaesthesia in Paediatric Dentistry : (Including Other Drugs, Synergic & Antagonistic Actions of Various Drugs Used In children
• Preventive Pedodontics : Concepts, chair side preventive measures for dental disease, high risk caries including rampant & extensive caries – Recognition, Features & Preventive Management, Pit and Fissures Sealants, Oral Hygiene measures, Correlation of brushing with dental caries and periodontal diseases. Diet & Nutrition as related to dental caries. Diet Counseling.
• Dental Plaque : Definition, Initiation, Pathogenesis, Biochemistry, and Morphology & Metabolism.
• Microbiology & Immunology as related to Oral Diseases in Children : Basic concepts, immune system in human body, Auto Immune diseases, Histopathology, Pathogenesis, Immunology of dental caries, Periodontal diseases, Tumors, Oral Mucosal lesions etc.
• Gingival & Periodontal diseases in Children:
  • Normal Gingjval & Periodontium in children
  • Gingival & Periodontal diseases - Etiology, Pathogenesis, Prevention & Management
• Pediatric Operative Dentistry
  • Principle Of Operative Dentistry along with modifications of materials/past, current & latest including tooth colored materials.
  • Modifications required for cavity preparation in primary and young permanent teeth
  • Various Isolation Techniques
  • Restorations of decayed primary, young permanent and permanent teeth in children using various restorative material like Glass lonomer, Composites, Silver, Amalgam & latest material (gallium)
  • Stainless steel, Polycarbonate & Resin Crowns / Veneers & Crowns
• Pediatric Endodontics:
  • Primary Dentition: -Diagnosis of pulpal diseases and their management - Pulp capping, Pulpotomy, Pulpectomy (Materials & Methods), Controversies & recent concepts.
  • Young permanent teeth and permanent teeth, Pulp capping, Pulpotomy, Apexogenesis, Apexification, Concepts, Techniques and Materials used for different procedures.
  • Recent advances in Pediatric Endodontics.
• Traumatic Injuries in Children:
  • Classifications & Importance
  • Sequalae & reaction of teeth to trauma
  • Management of Traumatized teeth with latest concepts
• Interceptive Orthodontics :
  • Concepts of occlusion and esthetics : Structure and function of all anatomic components of occlusion, mechanics of articulations, recording of masticatory function diagnosis of Occlusal dysfunction, relationship of TMJ anatomy and pathology and related neuromuscular physiology
  • A comprehensive review of the local and systemic factors in the causation of malocclusion.
  • Recognition and management of normal and abnormal developmental occlusions in primary, mixed and permanent dentitions in children (Occlusal Guidance)
  • Biology of tooth movement : A comprehensive review of the principles of teeth movement. Review of contemporary literature. Histopathology of bone and Periodontal ligament, Molecular and ultra cellular consideration in tooth movement.
  • Myofunctional appliances: Basic principles, contemporary appliances : Design & Fabrication
  • Removable appliances : Basic principles, contemporary appliances : Design & Fabrication
  • Case selection & diagnosis in interceptive Orthodontics (Cephalometrics, Image processing, Tracing, Radiation hygiene, Video imaging & advance Cephalometric techniques)
  • Space Management : Etiology, Diagnosis of space problems, analysis, Biomechanics, Serial Extractions
• Oral Habits in Children:
  • Definition, Etiology & Classification
  • Clinical features of digit sucking, tongue thrusting, mouth breathing & various other secondary habits.
  • Management of oral habits in children
• Dental care of Children with special needs:-Definition Etiology, Classification, Behavioral, Clinical features & Management of children with :
  • Physically handicapping conditions
  • Mentally compromising conditions
  • Medically compromising conditions'
  • Genetic disorders
• Oral manifestations of Systemic Conditions in Children & their Management
• Management of Minor Oral Surgical Procedures in Children
• Dental Radiology as related to Pediatric Dentistry
• Cariology
  • Historical background
  • Definition, Aeitology & Pathogenesis
  • Caries pattern in primary, young permanent and permanent teeth in children
  • Rampant caries, early childhood caries and extensive caries. Definition, aeitology, Pathogenesis, Clinical features, Complications & Management
  • Role of diet and nutrition in Dental Caries
  • Dietary modifications & Diet counseling
  • Caries Activity tests, Caries prediction, Caries susceptibility & their clinical Applications
• Pediatric Oral Medicine & Clinical Pathology : Recognition & Management of developmental dental anomalies, teething disorders, stomatological conditions, mucosal lesions, viral infections etc.
• Congenital Abnormalities in Children : Definition, Classification, Clinical features & Management.
• Dental Emergencies in Children and their Management.
• Dental Materials used in Pediatric Dentistry.
• Preventive Dentistry :
  • Definition
  • Principles & Scope
  • Types of prevention
  • Different preventive measures used in Pediatric Dentistry including fissure sealants and caries vaccine.
• Dental Health Education & School Dental Health Programmes
• Dental health concepts, Effects of civilization and environment, Dental Health delivery system, Public Health measures related to children along with principles of Pediatric Preventive Dentistry
• Fluorides:
  • Historical background
  • Systemic & Topical fluorides
  • Mechanism of action
  • Toxicity & Management.
  • Defluoridation techniques.
• Case History Recording outline of principles of examination, diagnosis & treatment planning.
• Epidemiology : Concepts, Methods of recording & evaluation of various oral diseases. Various national & global trends of epidemiology of oral diseases.
• Comprehensive Infant Oral Health Care
• Principles of Bio-Statistics & Research Methodology & Understanding of Computers and hotography
• Setting up of Pedodontic & Preventive Dentistry Clinic.

First Year

Preclinical Work

Note : Duration -first 6 Months of First Year MDS (One On Each Exercise)

• Carving of all deciduous teeth
• Basic wire bending exercises
• Fabrication of
  • Maxillary bite plate / Hawley's
  • Maxillary expansion screw appliance
  • Canine retractor appliance
  • All habit breaking appliances
    • Removable type
    • Fixed type
    • Partially fixed anq removable
  • Two Myofunctional appliance
  • Making of inclined plane appliance
  • Acrylic inclined plane
• Basic soldering exercise I -making of a lamppost of stainless steel wire pieces of different gauges soldered on either sid~ of heavy gauge main post.
• Fabrication of space maintainers
  • Removable type -
    • Unilateral Non -Functional space maintainer
    • Bilateral Non-Functional space maintainer
    • Bilateral functional space maintainer
  • Space Regainers -
    • Hawley's appliances with Helical space regainer
    • Removable appliance with Slingshot space regainer
    • Removable appliance with Dumbell space regainer
  • Fixed Space maintainers
    • Band & long loop space maintainer
    • Band & short loop space maintainer
    • Mayne's space maintainer
    • Transpalatal arch space maintainer
    • Nance Palatal holding arch
    • Nance Palatal holding arch with canine stoppers
    • Gerber space regainer
    • Distal shoe appliance
  • Active space maintainers
  • For guiding the eruption of first permanent molar
  • Arch holding device
  • Functional space maintainer
• Basics for spot welding exercise
• Collection of extracted deciduous and permanent teeth
  • Sectioning of the teeth at various levels and planes
  • Drawing of section and shapes of pulp
  • Performing ideal cavity preparation for various restorative materials for both Deciduous and permanent teeth
  • Performing pulpotomy, root canal treatment and Apexification procedure.
  • Tooth preparation and fabrication of various lemporary and permanent restorations on fractured anterior teeth.
  • Preparation of teeth for stainless steel crowns
• Performing of behavioral rating and IQ tests for children.
• Computation of :
  • Caries index and performing various caries activity test.
  • Oral Hygiene Index
  • Periodontal lndex
• Options
  
  • Taking of periapical, occlusal, bitewing radiographs of children
  • Developing and processing of films, thus obtained
  • Tracing of soft tissue dental and skeletal landmark is as observed on Cephalometric radiographs and drawing of various planes and angles.
• Library assignment
• Synopsis

Monitoring Learning Progress

It is essential to monitor the learning progress to each candidate through continuous appraisal and regular assessment. It not only helps teachers to evaluate students, but also students to , evaluate themselves. The monitoring to be done by the staff of the department based on participation of students in various teaching/learning activities. It may be structured and assessment be done using checklists that assess various aspects. Checklists are given in Section IV