Maharashtra University of Health Sciences Courses

M.D.S. (Periodontics)

Course Syllabus

Syllabus for First Year M.D.S.

• Basic Sciences:-
  • Applied Anatomy and Histology.
  • Applied Physiology and Biochemistry.
  • Applied Pharmacology.
  • Applied Oral and General Pathology and Microbiology.
  • Biostatistics.
  • Research Methodology.
  • Biotechnology.
  • Bio information.
  • 1-4 are exam going subjects and 5-8 are non exam going subjects.

Paper-I

• Applied Anatomy Histology.
  • Blood supply , nerve supply of oral cavity.
  • Muscles of mastication and temporomandibular joint
  • Microstructural anatomy of periodontium including development
  • Maxillary sinus & its lining
  • Osteology of maxilla and mandible

Paper-II

• Applied Physiology and Biochemistry
  • A. Physiology
    • Cellular physiology
    • Body fluids, homeostasis, fluid transmission
    • Saliva
    • Pain-Pathway and mechanisms
    • Hematology- Normal blood constituents, clinical variations, blood clouing mechanism, their disorders and management.
    • Heart-Normal physiology, variations, peripheral vascular resistance. Blood volume. Cardiovascularr homeostasis. Dynamics of blood and lymph flow
    • Respiratory system -Normal Physiology and variations in health and disease, oxygen-carbon dioxide gas exchange, emergency situations, artificial respiration.
    • Endocrinology- Thyroid, pancreas, adrenaline, growth harmones, sex harmones and pregnancy.
  • B.Biochemistry
    • Molecular Biology
    • Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins
    • Connective tissue
    • Fluids- Extracellular and Intracellular
    • Enzymes
    • Lab investigations & interpretation of data of
      • Liver Function
      • Kidney Function
      • Acidosis & alkalosis
      • Electrolytes
    • Saliva, collagen, and histochemistry
    • Nutrition & Diet
      • Definition, balanced diet
      • Energy requirement or BMR value
      • Vitamins & Minerals and Deficiency Diseases.

Paper-III

• Applied Pathology and Microbiology
• A. General Pathology
  • Cell- growth and regulation.
  • Growth Factors and cytokines.
  • Inflammation-Details of celluar events-Chemical mediators: promoters and suppressors
  • Healing Different types repair and regeneration.
  • Immunology / Immunogenetics / Immunochemistry
  • Disturbances in cell growth & differentiation
  • Brif understading of Histochemistry / Cytochemistr / Enzyme Histochemistry.
• B. Oral Pathology
  • Developmental disturbances of oral structures.
  • Epidemiology of oral diseases
  • Oral manifestations of nutritional and metabolic diseases.
  • Diseases of blood and blood forming organs.
  • Effects of disturbances in endocrine function on oral tissues
• C. Microbiology
  • Oral microbiology–Classification & characteristics
  • General microbiology
    • Bacterial cell morphology
    • Bacterial growth & metabolism
    • Antibiotic sensitivity tests
    • Mechanism of drug resistance
    • Sterilization
    • Infection control
    • Different staining & culturing techniques
• D. Immunology
  • Infection
  • Complement system
  • Immune reaction
  • Immunodeficiency disorders
  • Tumour & transplant immunology
  • Systemic bacteriology of pathogenic oral microbes, periodontal pathoogen
  • Viruses -Herpes, AIDS, Hepatitis, Oncogenic, Measles, Mumps
  • Fungi
  • Vaccines

Paper-IV

Applied Pharmacology, Biostatistics and Research Methodology

• A. Pharmacology
  • Drug Administration -Modes, posology, toxicology of antibiotics
  • Chemotherapeutic agents
  • Antiseptics & Disinfectants
  • Analgesics & anti-inflammatory drugs
  • Conscious sedation & local anaesthesia-indications & contraindications. Pre-medication and anaesthetics in different clinics
  • Emergency drugs in dental practice
  • Local Drug Delivery Systems
  • Antibiotic Sensitivity tests
  • Calcium channel blockers.
  • Immunosuppressive drugs
  • Biotranformation of drugs related to periodontics
• B. Biostatistics
  • Introduction
  • Collection, Classification & presentation.
  • Averages (Mean, median & mode)
  • Dispersion Skewness & Kurtosis
  • Correlation
  • Regression
  • Binomial, Poisson & Normal distributions
  • Tests of significance (Large samples)
  • x2, t and f tests, logistic regression analysis
  • Measures of morbidity, fertility, mortality & survival
  • Clinical trials
• C . Research Methodology
  • Core Curriculum
    • What is research ?
    • What is research methodology?
    • Types of research
      • Basic or Fundamental
      • Applied
      • Clinical.
      • Experimental
    • How does one select a subject for Research ?
      • Intuition?
      • Intuition based on experience.
      • Knowledge of subject & questions that one asked of oneself
      • Areas of unknown aspects that have not been explored.
    • Questions those are unanswered.
      • Survey of relevant literature, using a library.
    • How does one set about a Research Problems?
      • List the aims & objectives.
      • What is there in the relevant literature that has been done, is being done and remains undone?
      • How can the aims and objectives be achieved?
        • Retrospective research.
        • Prospective research?
        • Advantages & disadvantages of each What will therefore be the best in the circumstances?
        • Evolve a hypothesis
        • Develop a protocol to give answers so as to give the necessary data in the light of the hypothesis.
        • Develop a model especially designed to test hypothesis and may confirm the data.
        • Advantages & Disadvantages of experimental model.
        • How does the data from the experimental model fit the hypothesis?
        • Are the conclusions comparable? Are there any other conclusions possible?
    • Objectivity in Research Methodology.
      • Open trials? Bias and safeguards against it.
      • Double blind & triple blind studies.
      • Cross over methods.
    • Quantification in Research Methodology.
      • Instrumental quantification rationales & fallacies.
      • Reproducibility .
      • Scoring methods, especially to lend objectivity to subjective observation. Safeguards against subjective bias.
    • Records, Protocols and Analysis
      • The logic of Research.
      • Examples of special areas of Research:-
        • Clinical
        • Experimental
        • Histological & Morphological
        • Histochemical
        • Genetic
        • Epidemiologic studies.

 Etiology of periodontal diseases:-

• Periodontal tissues, Saliva, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Clinical Epidemiology
• Pathogenesis & microbiology of Periodontal diseases
• Bio-films
• Defense mechanisms of the gingiva
• Host response: Basic concepts
• Host-Bacteria interactions in periodontal diseases
• Altered leukocyte function & periodontal diseases
• Dental calculus
• The role of Iatrogenic & other local factors
• Dental occlusion
• Influence of systemic diseases on the Periodotium
• AIDS and the Periodontium
• Smoking.
• Effect of External forces on Periodontitis
• Genetics
• Classification of Gingival & Periodontal Disease

Periodontal Pathology:-

• Gingival Diseases
  • Gingival Inflammation
  • Clinical features of gingivitis
  • Gingival enlargement
  • Acute gingval infections
  • Desquamative gingivitis & oral mucous membrane diseases
  • Gingival diseases in childhood.
• Periodontal Diseases
  • The periodontal pocket
  • Bone loss & patterns of bone destruction
  • Periodontal response to external forces
  • Slowly progressive periodontitis
  • Rapidly progressive periodontitis
  • Nacrotizing ulcerative periodontitis
  • Refractory periodontitis
  • Prepubertal & juvenile periodontitis
  • Periodontal Medicine

Periodontal Instrumentation:-

• The Periodontal Instrumentation
• Principles of periodontal instrumentation
• Instrumentation in different areas of the tooth

Treatment of Periodontal Diseases:-

• Diagnosis prognosis and Treatment Plan
  • Clinical diagnosis
  • Radiographic & Other aids in the diagnosis of Periodontal diseases
  • Advanced diagnostic techniques
  • Determination of the Prognosis
  • The treatment plan
  • Rationale for Periodontal Treatments
  • Periodontal Treatment of Medically compromised patients
  • Perriodontal treatment of Geriatric Patients
• Treatment of acute gingival and Periodontal diseases Therapy
  • Preparation of the tooth surface
  • Plaque control
  • Treatment of Uncomplicated chronic gingivitis
  • Antimicrobial & other Chemotherapeutic agents in Periodontal therapy
  • Treatment of aggressive forms of Periodontitis- Refractory. Rapidly progressive , Necrotizing ulcerative and Juvenile
  • Periodontal management of HIV-INFECTED patients
  • Coronoplasty in periodontal therapy
  • Orthodontic considerations in periodontal therapy
  • Interdisciplinary therapy
  • Splinting
  • Evidence based Periodontal Therapy
• Surgical Phase.
  • The Surgical Phase of therapy
  • General principles of periodontal surgery
  • Surgical anatomy of the periodontium & related structures.
  • Gingival curettage
  • The gingivectomy technique
  • The Periodontal flap with various modifications.
  • The flap technique for Pocket therapy
  • Resective osseous surgery
  • Re constructive osseous surgery
  • Treatment of furcation involvement & combined Periodontal Endodontic therapy.
• Mucogingival surgery and Perio-esthetics
• Treatment of gingival enlargement
• Recent advances in surgical technology
• Oral Implantology
  • Introduction & Historical Review
    • Biologic , clinical and surgical aspects of Dental Implants
    • Periodontal-Implant interface
    • Diagnosis and Treatment Planning
    • Implant surgery
    • Implant prothodontics
    • Implant failures and their Mangement
    • Peri-in plantitis and its management
• Lasers.
• Microsurgery.
• Electrosurgery.
• Supportive Periodontal Treatments
• Recent advances in Periodontics.

Practical Training

• Nonsurgical -100 cases
• Surgical -100 cases and Implant -5 cases to be spread over entire three years MDS course as follows.
• Management of clinical cases shall begin from first year onwards Emphasis on clinical training should be as follow:-

First Year:-Basic Periodontology:- Knowledge of different indices and taking at least 10 cases of each.

• Case analyses and detailed treatment plan.
• Instrument and Instrumentation.
• Oral prophylaxis including root planing
• Maintenance and supportive periodontal therapy.
• Anesthesia
• X-ray and Imaging interpretation.
• Coronoplasty
• Splinting.
• Hands on and table demonstration of Implant systems.

Second Year and Third Year :-

• Principles of surgical technique.
• Various types of simple procedures for pocket reduction and elimination
• Mucogingival surgery
• Osseous grafts
• Guided tissue regeneration
• PRP (Platelet Reach Plasma)
• Electrosurgery
• Laser (optional)
• Microsurgery (optional)
• Perio-esthetics
• Implants Insertion
• Treating minimum 125 full mouth periodontally involved cases with detailed history, photographs, X-rays, laboratory investigations, occlusal rehabilitation and follow up records.
• Management of Interdisciplinary cases.
• Seminars: 30 to be completed in three years.

Syllabus for Second and Third year M.D.S.

•  Dissertation