Post Graduate Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology

Sr. No.

Subjects of Study

(A)

General Laboratory and Instrument Maintenance

1. Organization of laboratory and safety precautions in a laboratory and personal cleanliness and care with regards to infected materials and chemical burns.
2. Quality assurance and disposal of wastes.
3. Cleaning of equipment and glassware.
4. Maintenance and use of refrigerator, deepfrigers, incubators, ovens, water bath, autoclaves, centrifuges, anaerobic chambers, BOD incubators etc.
5. Maintenance and knowledge of various components of microscopes and applications of various types of balances.
6. Principles and use of colorimeter, spectrophotometer, ELISA reader, turbidimeters and auto-analyzer etc.
7. Use and maintenance of balances.
8. Simple glass manipulation including the making of capillary tubes, Pasteur pipettes, glass sheet cutting.

(B)

Chemical and Clinical Pathology

9. Sample collection, preservation and transportation of various clinical pathology samples.
10. Preparation of buffers, molar solutions, normal solutions and determination of pH of buffers.
11. Biochemical estimation of total protein, albumin, globulin, sugar, cholesterol urea, LFT, GTT, enzymes including preparation of their reagents.
12. Physical and chemical examinations of urine including sugar, protein, acetone, bile salts, bile pigments, blood, urobilinogen, chyle and microscopic examination for crystals, cells and casts.
13. Examination of body fluids (CSF, ascitic fluid, pleural fluid, synovial fluid etc.) including biochemical, microscopic.
14. Semen analysis (count, motility, abnormal forms etc.)

(C)

Haematology and Blood Banking

15. Collection of blood, preparation and use of different anticoagulant vials, preparation of blood smears, staining of the blood film, bone marrow smear and mounting of slides.
16. Preparation of reagents for hemoglobin, counting of leukocytes, RBC, platelet and reticulocyte count, determination of ESR and PCV, and techniques of these tests.
17. Recognition of blood cells in peripheral blood smears.
18. Preparation of haemolysate and determination of foetal hemoglobin and hemoglobin electrophoresis.
19. Preparation of reagents and techniques for a test of sickling, osmotic fragility, G6PD enzyme deficiency, Coomb’s test.
20. Preparation of reagents and techniques of coagulation profile, platelet profile.
21. Blood donor selection and screening including ABO, Rh blood grouping and crossmatch tests.
22. Blood collection and preservation and component separation.
23. Identification of blood parasites (Malaria, Filaria, LD bodies etc.)

(D)

Histopathology and Cytology

24. Tissue reception, labeling, fixation for different tissue and section cutting.
25. Preparation of paraffin blocks (Dehydration, clearing, embedding, blocking).
26. Handling and care of microtome sharpening of razors, and section cutting.
27. Preparation of common stains. H & E, congored, methyle violet, Leishman stain, Giesma, Papanicolaou, VG, PAS, PASM etc. and staining techniques.
28. Mounting of museum specimens, record keeping, indexing of slides.

(E)

Microbiology 

29. Collection of samples, labeling and transportation of material and disposal of microbiology products. Cleaning and methods of sterilization of glassware’s media, instruments including syringes, needles and sharp instruments.
30. Preparation of media, plugging of test tubes, preparation of swab sticks, stains, reagents, nutrient agar, blood agar, chocolate agar Loeffer’s serum Dorsetts egg medium fellurile medium, L.J. medium, peptone water sugar media etc.
31. Processing of samples for isolation of bacteria from blood, CSF, tissue, sputum, throat swab, nasal, eye swabs, oral swab, vaginal swab, wound swab, rectal swab, urine, pleural fluid, ascitic fluid, AFB culture etc.
32. Biochemical reactions, acid production from fermentable substances coagulase, catalase, oxidase, bile solubility optochin sensitivity, indole production.  M.R. test and V.P. test.  Urease activity citrate utilization etc.
33. Processing of sample for isolation of bacteria, blood, CSF, tissue sputum throat etc.
34. Drug sensitivity tests.
35. Staining method, Gram stain, Ziehl-Nelsen stain, Albert’s stain etc.
36. Motility preparations, handing drop preparation, steps in bacterial identification of Coci, Corynebacteria, Diptheria, Mycobacteria, Gran negative bacilli and Gran positive bacilli.
37. Stool examination (Occult blood), microscopic and culture.
38. Sputum examination (general, cytological and microbiological).

(F)

Immunology

39. Preparation of distilled water, deionized water and cleaning of distillation apparatus.
40. Collection of rabbit and sheep blood, animal care and raising of sera in animal.
41. Preparation of various buffers and reagents and techniques for following tests:

• Agglutinationtests
• Haemagglutination tests
• Precipitation tests and
• Flocculation tests

42. Techniques of RA factor, CRP, ASO, VDRL, Widal, TORCH, Auto-Antibodies, Hepatitis, HIV testing and EBV etc.
43. Complement titration, hemolysin titration, Aldehyde test ELISA test, serum electrophoresis, gel electrophoresis, gel diffusion tests.
44. Preparation of slides of LE cell phenomenon and identification.
45. Immuno-histochemical staining methods for auto-antibodies and tumour markers.
46. Cutaneous sensitivity test.