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Answer: Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus also known as Pompey, Pompey the Great or Pompey the Triumvir (106 BC - 48 BC), was a military and political leader of the late Roman Republic. He came from wealthy Italian provincial background, and established himself in the ranks of Roman nobility by successful leadership in several campaigns. Pompey was a rival of Marcus Licinius Crassus, and at first an ally to Gaius Julius Caesar. He joined them in an unstable political alliance known as the First Triumvirate, which dominated military and political developments in the Late Roman republic. After the deaths of Crassus and Julia (Pompey's wife and Caesar's daughter) Pompey and Caesar contended the leadership of the Roman state in Caesar's civil war. This was a significant episode in the larger Roman Revolution, which saw the end of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Princeps and the Roman Empire. Pompey fought on the side of the optimates, the conservative and aristocratic faction of the Roman Senate, until he was defeated by Caesar at the battle of Pharsalus. He sought refuge in Egypt, where he was assassinated.
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