Vel Tech Rangarajan Dr. Sagunthala R and D Institute of Science and Technology Courses

M.Tech. (Power Electronics and Drives)

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Duration: 2 Years

Eligibility: Graduation

Course  Structure

Course Code	Course Title
Semester - I
PMAA06	Mathematical Foundations of Electrical Engineering
PPEA01	Power Semiconductor Devices and Applications
PPEA02	Analysis of Inverters
PPEA03	Analysis of Power Converters
PPEA04	Modern Control Theory
* * *	Elective-I
Semester - II
PPEA05	Solid State DC Drives
PPEA06	Solid State AC Drives
PPEA07	FACTS Controllers
PPEA08	Modeling and Simulation of Power Electronic Systems
* * *	Elective-II
* * *	Elective-III
Practical
PPEA09	Machines and Drives  Lab
Semester - III
* * *	Elective-IV
* * *	Elective-V
* * *	Elective-VI
Practical
PPEA26	Project Phase I
Semester - IV
PPEA10	Project Phase II
List of Electives
PPEA11	Modeling and Analysis of Electrical Machines
PPEA12	Microprocessor Application in Power Electronics
PPEA13	EHV AC & DC Transmission
PPEA14	Special Machines
PPEA15	Computer Aided Design of Electrical Machines
PPEA16	Power Electronics in Power Systems
PPEA17	Wind Energy Conversion System
PPEA18	Traction Drives
PPEA19	Analysis of Power Electronic Circuits
PPEA20	Software for Control System Design
PPEA21	Digital Instrumentation
PPEA22	Theory and Design of Neuro-Fuzzy Controllers
PPEA23	Microcomputer Controlled Drives
PPEA24	Instrumentation in Electrical Drives
PPEA25	DSP & it’s Applications

Course Detail

Semester - I

PMAA06  Mathematical Foundations Of Electrical Engineering   

Unit-I: Applied Matrix Theory                                                                 

Eigenvalues and eigenvectors – modal matrix – diagonalization of matrices - finding the dominant and least-dominant eigen values of a matrix using power method – Sylvester’s theorem – power series of matrices – matrix method for solving systems of differential equations

Unit-II: Operations Research                                                                          

Linear programming models – graphical method – simplex method – duality theorems – dual simplex method – nonlinear programming with specific reference to quadratic programming – Kuhn-Tucker conditions – introduction to dynamic programming – Bellman’s principle of optimality

Unit-III: Fourier Analysis                                                                                   

Continuous and discrete Fourier transforms – definitions, properties and examples of continuous and discrete Fourier transforms – Fast Fourier Transforms (FFT) - application of Discrete Fourier Transforms (DFT) in system design

Unit-IV: Calculus of Variations                                                              

Concept of functionals and variational problems – Euler’s equation – special cases – Brachistochrone problem – isoperimetric problem – variational problems with several dependent variables – variational problems with moving boundaries

Unit-V: Random Processes                                                                                 

Review of probability and random variables – random processes – auto-correlation and auto-covariance functions – definition and properties – cross-correlation and cross-covariance functions – definition and properties – stationary processes – power spectrum

 

PPEA01  Power Semiconductor Devices and Applications             

Unit-I: Overview Of Power Semiconductor Switches                                 

Introduction, Diodes, thyristors, BJTs, MOSFETs, GTOs IGBTs, Comparison of these as switching devices, Drive and Protection circuit for these devices.

Unit-II: Power Diodes and BJTs                                                                        

Basic V-I characteristics of power diodes, Schottky diode, Snubber design-Switching characteristics of BJTs, Design of drive circuits for BJTs, safe operating area.

Unit-III: Thyristors and GTOs                                                              

V-I characteristics of thyristors and GTOs, physics of device operation, Switching characteristics, Thermal characteristics, Gating characteristics and protection.

Unit-IV: IGBTs And Power MOSFETs                                                                 

Basic structure, V-I characteristics, Device operation, switching characteristics , Drive circuits and protection.

Unit-V: Applications                                                                                                         

Single phase rectifiers and three phase rectifiers, choppers, Inverters using GTOs-IGBTs and power MOSFETs-application of power diodes.

 

PPEA02   Analysis Of Inverters                                     

Unit-I: Inverter-Generic Topology                                                 

General topology of single phase and three phase voltage source and Current source inverters-Need for feed back diodes in anti-parallel with Switches-multi-quadrant chopper viewed as a single phase inverter- Configuration single phase voltage source inverter: half & full bridge Selection of switching frequency & switching device.

Unit-II: SCR Based Classical Inverter                                                 

Series Inverters: Basic Series Inverter, Modified Series Inverter, High frequency Series inverter, Three phase Series Inverter-Design examples Parallel Inverter, Forced commutated bridge Inverter: McMurray Inverter, McMurray Bedford Inverter.

Unit-III: SCR Based Current Source Inverters                                                         

Current Source bridge inverter, Analysis of single phase and three-phase auto sequential commutated current Source inverter.

Unit-IV: Modern Inverters                                                                                   

BJT/IGBT based modem high switching frequency Inverters, Need for Output voltage control & Harmonic elimination, PWM Inverters: different methodologies Principle of SMPS and UPS, Resonant Inverter: ZCS & ZVS concepts, Series loaded resonant inverter as example.

Unit-V: Resonant Inverters                                                                    

Series and parallel resonant inverters, voltage control of resonant inverters, class E resonant inverter, resonant DC, link inverters.

 

PPEA03   Analysis of Power Converters                                              

Unit-I: Single Phase Ac To Dc Converters                                                                   

Single phase bridge rectifiers, half controlled and Fully controlled converters with RL, RLE loads, free wheeling diodes, Dual Converter, sequence control of converters-inverter operation, Input harmonics and output ripple, smoothing inductance-power factor, effect of source impedance and  overlap reactive power and power balance in converter circuits.

Unit-II: Three Phase AC to DC Converters                                           

Semi and Fully controlled converters with R, RL, RLE loads, free wheeling diodes, Dual Converter, sequence control of converters-inverter operation, Input harmonics and output ripple, smoothing inductance-power factor, effect of source impedance and overlap, 12 pulse converter.

Unit-III: DC TO DC Converters                                                                                                           Principle of operation, choice of communication circuit elements, Step down and step up choppers, classification, Voltage and current commutated choppers, effect of source Inductance, Filter circuits, multiphase chopper, resonant converters.

Unit-IV: AC Phase Converter                                                                 

Principle of phase control, single-phase bi-directional controllers with R, L and R-L loads, 3-phase controllers, different configurations, Analysis with pure R and L loads. 

Unit-V: AC TO AC Converters                                                                 

Principle of operation, single phase and three phase cycloconverters Power circuits, gating signals-harmonics power factor.

 

PPEA04   Modern Control Theory                                                          

Unit-I: State Space Analysis                                                                      

Review of state model for system – state transition matrix and its properties – free and forced system responses controllability and observability – kalman decomposition

Unit-II: State Feed Back                                                                            

Stability improvement – pole placement technique – state regulator design - state observers – full order and reduced observers – compensator design by separation principle – state feedback with Integral control.

Unit-III: Nonlinear Systems                                                                                 

Distinguishing features of linear and non-linear systems – common physical nonlinearities – phase plane analysis – singular points – limit cycles – equivalent linearisition.

Unit-IV: Describing Function Analysis                                                       

Derivation of describing function of common non-Linearities – condition for stability – Stability of Oscillations – Accuracy of DF Method - Stability of System with Multiple Non-Linearities – Dual Input Describing Function.

Unit- V: Stability Analysis                                                                          

Stability Definitions Krasovskii Method - Lyapunov Function for Linear and Non-Linear Functions – Lyapunov Direct Method - Lure’s Transformation – Popov’s Criterion – Circle Criterion.

 

Semester - II

PPEA05  Solid State DC Drives                                      

Unit-I: Review Of Conventional Dc Drives                              

Different techniques of speed control and methods of braking of series and Methods of braking of series and separately excited DC motor. Ward-Leonard Speed control, Inching and jogging, Models and transfer function of series and Separately excited DC motor.

Unit-II: Converter Control Of Dc Motors                                

Analysis of series and separately excited DC motor with single phase and Three phase converters operating in different modes and configurations, Problems on DC machines fed by converter supplies CLC and TRC strategies.

Unit-III: Chopper Control Of Dc Motors                                   

Analysis of series and separately excited DC motors fed from different Choppers, effect of saturation in series motors CLC and TRC strategies.

Unit-IV: Design Of Converter Fed Dc Drives                          

Speed loop, current loop, armature current reversal, field current reversal: Inching, Digital controller and firing circuits, simulation.

Unit-V: Intelligent Controller For Dc Drive                             

Microcomputer implementation of control function, Fuzzy, Neuro, Fuzzy neuro controllers.

 

PPEA06   Solid State AC Drives                                      

Unit-I: Stator Voltage Control Of Induction Motor                            

Torque, slip characteristics, Operation with different types of loads, performance, comparison of different ac power controllers, Speed reversal, Closed loop control.

Unit-II: Stator Frequency Control                                                         

Operation of induction motor with non-sinusoidal supply waveforms, Variable frequency operation of 3-phase induction motors, Constant flux operation, Current fed operations, Dynamic and regenerative braking of CSI and VSI fed drives, Principle of vector control.

Unit-III: Rotor Resistance Control                                                                                                         Torque, Slip characteristics, Types of rotor choppers, Torque Equations, Constant torque operations, TRC Strategy, Combined stator voltage control and rotor resistance control.

Unit-IV: Slip Power Recovery Scheme                                     

Torque equation, Torque-slip characteristics-power factor considerations, Sub-synchronous operation and closed loop control.

Unit-V: Synchronous Motor Drives                                                        

Need for leading pf operation-open loop VSI fed drive and its characteristics-Self control-torque angle control-Power factor control Brushless excitation systems-Starting methods-Principles of Vector control.

 

 PPEA07   Facts Controllers                                                                                

Unit-I: Introduction To Facts Controllers                                                                   

Reactive power control: Reactive power, uncompensated transmission line, reactive power compensation – Principles of conventional reactive power compensators: Synchronous condensers, saturated reactor, phase angle regulator, and other controllers.

Unit-II:Thyristor Controlled Shunt Compensator                                                    

SVC Objective of shunt compensation – Principle and operating characteristics of Thyristor Controlled Reactor – Thyristor Switched Capacitor – TSC-TCR static Var Compensators – SVC control system – SVC voltage regulator model – Transfer function and dynamic performance of SVC – Transient stability enhancement and power oscillation damping, mitigation of subsynchronous resonance.

Unit-III: Thyristor Controlled Series Compensator                                                  

TCSC Series compensation – Principles of operation of TCSC – Capability characteristics of TCSC – Modeling of TCSC – TCSC control system – enhancement of system damping – mitigation of subsynchronous resonance.

Unit-IV: Voltage Source Converter Based Shunt And Series Compensator

STATCOM: (Static Synchronous Compensator) Principle of operation, VI Characteristics, Harmonic performance – Steady state model – SSR mitigation.

SSSC: (Static Synchronous Series Compensator) Principle of operation and characteristics of SSSC – control range and VA rating – capability to provide real power compensation – Immunity to subsynchronous resonance – control scheme for SSSC.

Unit-V: Unified Power Flow Controller                                                             

Basic operating principles – conventional transmission control capability of UPFC – Independent real and reactive power flow control – control scheme for UPFC – Basic control system for P and Q control – dynamic performance.

 

PPEA08   Modeling and Simulation Of Power Electronic Systems                       

Unit-I: Modeling of Power Electronic Converters                                        

Modeling of semiconductor devices; Switch realization – single quadrant and two quadrant switches; switching losses.

Unit-II: Introduction of DC-DC converters                                                    

Steady-state analysis of converter in continuous and discontinuous modes (CCM & DCM), and estimation of converter efficiency. Development of circuit model for simulating dynamic operating conditions in CCM & DCM. Feedback control for converters – Controller design

Unit-III: Dynamic Modeling of DC Machines

Modeling of DC machines, Reference frame theory ARF, RRF, SYRF, SRF; equations of transformation.

Unit-IV:Modeling of 3 Phase Induction Machines

Modeling and simulation of three phase Induction machine: voltage equations, torque equations, analysis of steady-state operation, acceleration characteristics, effect of loading and operation with non-sinusoidal voltages.

Unit-V: Numerical methods for solving system models                             

Solution of linear system of equations; Solution of differential equation, Numerical integration, Numerical optimization, Finite Element Method (FEM) and its applications in electrical machine analysis.

 

PPEA0   Machines & Drives Lab                         

List Of Experiments

• Micro  controller based Speed control of  stepper motor.
• Self control Operation of synchronous motors
• DSP based speed control of BLDC motor.
• Micro controller based speed control of Converter / Chopper fed DC motor.
• Micro controller based speed control of VSI fed three phase Induction motor.
• Mc Murray – Bedford inverter.
• Simulation of Four Quadrant Operation of Three Phase Induction motor.
• Series inverter.
• Cycloconverter.
• Design of Switched mode power supplies.

 

Details of Electives

PPEA11  Modelling and Analysis Of Electrical Machines                

Unit-I: Introduction

Primitive machine, voltage and torque equation. Concept of transformation change of variables & m/c variables and transform variables. Application to D.C. machine for steady state and transient analysis, and equation of cross field commutator machine.

Unit-II: Induction Machine                                                                

Voltage, torque equation for steady state operation, Equivalent circuit, Dynamic performance during sudden changes in load torque and three phase fault at the machine terminals. Voltage & torque equation for steady state operation of 1-ö induction motor & scharge motor.

Unit-III: Synchronous Machine                                                            

Transformation equations for rotating three phase windings, Voltage and power equation for salient and non salient alternator, their phasor diagrams, Simplified equations of a synchronous machine with two damper coils.

Unit-IV: Operational Impedances and Time Constants Of Synchronous Machines 

Park's equations in operational form, operational impedances and G(P) for a synchronous machine with four Rotor Windings, Standard synchronous machine Reactances, time constants, Derived synchronous machine time constants, parameters from short circuit characteristics.

Unit-V: Approximate Methods For Generator & System Analysis                        

 The problem of power system analysis, Equivalent circuit & vector diagrams for approximate calculations, Analysis of line to line short circuit, Application of approximate method to power system analysis.

 

PPEA12  Microprocessor Application In Power Electronics                                   

Unit-I: Review Of Microprocessors                                                                  

Architecture and Programming of 8085 and 8086, A/D and D/A converters. Interfacing of 8253, 8255, 8155 and other important interfacing ICs.

Unit-II:IMicroprocessor Based Firing Scheme For Converters                                        

Firing schemes for single phase and three phase rectifiers-3-phase AC choppers, Firing at variable frequency environments, Firing scheme for DC choppers, voltage and current communication, Inverters, types of pulse width modulation techniques, their implementation.

Unit-III:Application Of Firing Schemes                                        

Using microprocessors, Application of firing schemes to the control of DC drive, induction motors, synchronous motors and other special machines, Application in Electrical Traction.

Unit-IV:Microprocessors In Closed Loop Control Schemes                                     

Importance of measurement and sensing in closed loop control, Measurement of voltage, current, speed, power and power factor using microprocessors, Implementation of various types of controllers using microprocessors.

Unit-V: Microprocessors In Special Applications Of Power Electronics

Static excitation of synchronous generators, Solid State tap-changers for transformers, UPS systems, Induction furnace control.

 

PPEA13   EHV AC & DC Transmission                                                   

Unit-I:

Long line theory, long distance transmission problems, corona  power loss and audible noise. Radio Interference RIV and excitation functions, Reactive Power compensation of EHV AC lines, FACTs devices.

Unit-II:                                                                          

Sequential impedances of AC systems EHVAC transmission overvoltages, insulation design of lightning and switching over voltages. High voltage testing of AC equipments.

Unit-III:                                                                                                       

Comparison of EHV AC & DC transmission HVDC system configuration And components conversion and inversion, Analysis of three phase bridge converter and Performance equations abnormal operations of converter.

Unit-IV:                                                                         

Control of HVDC system, Principle of DC link control, current and Extinction angle control power and reactive power control, alternative inverter control modes.

Unit-V:                                                                           

Harmonics and AC/DC filters, Influence of AC system strength on AC/DC system interaction responses to DC and AC system faults. Modelling of HVDC system.

 

PPEA14   Special Machines                                                         

Unit-I: Single Phase Machines                                                               

Principles and construction of split phase motors – Shaded pole motor – Repulsion motor - Universal motor – Unexcited synchronous single phase motor – Reluctance and Hystersis motor – Schrage motor - Applications.

Unit-II: Stepper Motors                                                                

Constructional features - Principle of operation - Modes of excitation – Types of motors – Drive systems and circuit for control of Stepper motor – Applications Dynamic characterstics.

Unit-III: Switched Reluctance Motors                                                 

Constructional features - Principle of operation - Torque prediction - Power controllers - Characteristics and control - Applications.

Unit-IV: Permanent Magnet Brushless DC Motors                           

Commutation in DC motors - Difference between mechanical and electronic commutators - permanent magnet brushless motor drives - Torque and Emf equation; Torque-Speed characteristics; Sensors - Controllers; Applications.

Unit-V: Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors                             

Principle of operation - Constructional features - EMF, Power input and torque expressions - Phasor diagram - Power controllers - Torque-Speed characteristics - Vector control - Applications.

 

PPEA15 Computer Aided Design Of Electrical Machines                              

Unit-I: IntroductionConventional design procedures – Limitations – Need for field analysis based design.

Unit-II:Mathematical Formulation Of Field Problems                                            

Development of torque/force – Electromagnetic Field Equations – Magnetic Vector/Scalar potential – Electrical vector /Scalar potential – Stored energy in field problems – Inductance- Laplace and Poisson’s Equations – Energy functional  - Principle of energy conversion.

Unit-III:Philosophy Of FEM                                                                                              

Mathematical models – Differential/Integral equations – Finite Difference method – Finite element method – Energy minimization – Variational method- 2D field problems – Discretisation – Shape functions – Stiffness matrix – Solution techniques.

Unit-IV: CAD Packages

Elements of a CAD System –Pre-processing – Modelling – Meshing – Material properties- Boundary Conditions – Setting up solution – Post processing.

Unit-V:Design Applications                                                                                            

Design of Solenoid Actuator – Induction Motor – Switched Reluctance Motor – Synchronous Machines.

 

PPEA16   Power Electronics In Power Systems                                

Unit-I:Static Compensator Control                                                                              

Theory of load compensation – voltage regulation and power factor correction – phase balance and PF correction of unsymmetrical loads – Property of static compensator – Thyristor controlled rectifier (TCR) – Thyristor Controlled Capacitor (TSC) – Saturable core reactor – Control Strategies.

Unit-II: Harmonic Control And Power Factor Improvement                                 

Input power factor for different types of converters – power factor improvement using Load and forced commutated converters.

Unit-III:Voltage Control Using Static Tap-Changers                                              

Conventional tap changing methods, static tap changers using Thyristor, different schemes – comparison.

Unit-IV:Static Excitation Control                                                                                  

Solid state excitation of synchronous generators – Different schemes - Generrex excitation systems.

Unit-V:Uninterruptable Power Supply System                                                         

Parallel, Redundant and non- redundant UPS – Ups using resonant power converters – Switch mode power supplies.

 

PPEA17   Wind Energy Conversion System                            

Unit-I:Introduction                                                                                                    

History of wind electric generation – Darrieus wind – Horizontal and vertical axis – Wind turbine – other modern developments – Future possibilities.

Unit-II: Wind Resource And Its Potential For Electric Power Generation        

Power Extracted By A Wind Driven Machine – Nature and occurrence of wind characteristics and power production – variation of mean wind speed with time.

Unit-III: Wind Power Sites And Wind Measurements                                          

Average wind speed and other factors affecting choice of the site – Effect of wind direction – Measurement of wind velocity – Personal estimation without instruments – anemometers – Measurement of wind direction.

Unit-IV: Wind Turbines With Asynchronous Generators And Control Aspects  

Asynchronous systems – Ac Generators – Self excitation of Induction Generator – Single Phase operation of Induction Generator – Permanenet magnet Generators – Basic control aspects – fixed speed ratio control scheme – fixed vs variable sped operation of WECS.

Unit-V:Generation Of Electricity                                                                                

Active and reactive power – P and Q transfer in power systems – Power converters – Characteristics of Generators – Variable Speed options – Economics.

 

PPEA18 Traction Drives                                         

Unit-I:

Electric Traction Systems, Mechanics of Train movement, speed time curves, preliminary investigations of energy consumption, and ideal speed torque characteristics of Traction motors.

Unit-II:                                                       

Constructional and Design aspects of DC single phase and 3-phase I.Ms for Electric traction ,constraints and comparison w.r.t. commercial machines, problem associated with voltage rises. Temporary Interruption of supply, commutation of current rush, Ability of motors to withstand current rushes.

Unit-III:                                            

Solid-state device controllers for DC Traction motors used for starting, speed control and electric braking in Electric traction for main line and suburban services.

Unit-IV:                                                      

Controllers for 1-phase Traction motors, trends in main line railways using polyphase I.Ms and their controllers. Electric braking requirements and thyristorised controllers.

Unit-V:                                                       

Battery operated vehicles for city service, Light weight batteries, Diesel-Electric Traction systems for main line service and controllers. Soft starting of Traction motors, Conservation of Electrical energy.

 

PPEA1  Analysis Of Power Electronic Circuits                                               

Unit-I:Rectifier                                                                                                      

Single phase and three phase bridge rectifier-Half controlled and fully controlled converter with RL, RLE loads-free wheeling diodes-Dual converters-Sequence control of converter-Inverter operation –Input harmonics and output –ripple –smoothing inductance-Power factor –effect of source impedance overlap-inverter limit.

Unit-II: Chopper And Cycloconverter                                                              

Principle of operation of DC choppers-choice of commutation circuit element- step down and steppers choppers-classification-voltage and current commutated choppers.  Principle of operation of single phase-Three phase to single phase-three phase to three phase cycloconverter-Input and output performances-Harmonics-output voltage and frequency range-control circuit of cycloconverter.

Unit-III:Voltage Source Inverters                                                                               

Single-phase inverters: Principle of operation of half and full bridge inverters – Performance parameters – Voltage control of single phase inverters using various PWM techniques, Mc Murry and MC Murry Bed ford inverters-Analysis with R and RL loads  Three-phase inverters: 180 degree and 120 degree conduction mode inverters with star and delta connected loads – voltage control of three phase inverters

Unit-IV: Series, Parallel And Resonant Inverter                                                      

Principle of forced commutation-configuration and analysis of series inverter and parallel inverter-push pull driven inverters half bridge and full bridge inverters-series resonant inverter parallel resonant inverter.

Unit-V: Current Source Invetrter And Multilevel Inverter                                                

Analysis of single phase and three-phase auto sequential current source inverter-current source bridge inverter-third harmonic auxiliary commutated inverter.  Multilevel concept – diode clamped, flying capacitor , cascade type multilevel inverters-comparison of multilevel inverters-applications.

 

PPEA20   Software for Control System Design                                               

Unit-I:Introduction                                                                                                          

Review of solution of differential equations – Optimation techniques – Controller design – Software packages for control system design.

Unit-II:MATLAB                                                                                                     

Introduction – function description – Data types – Tool boxes – Graphical Displays

Unit-III:Programs                                                                                                 

Import and Export of data – Programs for solution of state equations – Controller design – Limitations.

Unit-IV:Simulink                                                                                                   

Introduction – Graphical user interface – Starting – Selection of objects – Blocks – Lines -  simulation – Application programs – Limitations.

Unit-V:MAPLE                                                                                                                    

Introduction – symbolic programming – Programming constructs – Data structure computation with formulae – Procedures – Numerical Programming.

 

PPEA21  Digital Instrumentation                                                         

Unit-I:Introduction                                                                                              

Digital codes – memory devices – basic building blocks – gates, FF and counters – discrete data handling – sampling – sampling theorem – aliasing errors – reconstruction – extrapolation – synchronous and asynchronous sampling.

 Unit-II:Digital Methods Of Measurements                                                   

Review of A/D, D/A techniques – F/V and V/F conversion techniques – digital voltmeters and multimeters – automation and accuracy of digital voltmeters and multimeters – digital phase meters – digital techno meters – digital frequency, period and time measurements – low frequency measurements – automatic time and frequency scaling –sources of error- noise- inherent errors in digital meters, Hidden errors in conventional ac measurements – RMS detector in digital multimeters – mathematical aspects of RMS.

Unit-III: Digital Display & Recording Devices     

Digital storage oscilloscopes – digital printers and plotters – CDROMS – digital magnetic tapes, dot matrix and LCD display CROs, Colour Monitor, Digital Signal Analyser, and Digital Data Acquisition.

Unit-IV: Signal Analysis     

Amplifiers, filters, transmitter, receiver, wireless base and mobile station test sets, noise figure meters, RF network analyzer, and high frequency signals sources.

Unit-V:Current Trends In Digital Instrumentation                                                            

Introduction to special function add on cards – resistance card – input and output cards – counter,test,and time of card and Digital Equipment construction with modular designing; interface to microprocessor, micro- controllers and computers. Computer aided software engineering tools (CASE) – use of CASE tools in design and development of automated measuring systems – interfacing IEEE cards – intelligent and programmable instruments using computers.

PPEA22  Theory and Design Of Neuro-Fuzzy Controllers                          

Unit-I:Neural Network                                                                                                                           Introduction-biological neurons and their artificial models-learning, adaptation and neural network's learning rules types of neural networks-single layer, multiplayer-feed forward, feedback networks; back propgationlearning and training-Hopfield network.

Unit-II: Neural Networks In Control                                                                                        

Neural network for non-linear systems-schemes of neuro control-system identification forward model and inverse model-indirect learning neural network control applications-case studies.

Unit-III:Fuzzy Logic                                                                                                                     

Fuzzy sets-fuzzy operation-fuzzy arithmetic-fuzzy relations-fuzzy relational equations-fuzzy measure-fuzzy functions-approximate reasoning-fuzzy propositions-fuzzy quantifiers-if-then rules.

Unit-V:Fuzzy Logic Controller                                                                           

Structure of fuzzy logic controller-fuzzification models-data base-rule base-inference engine defuzzification module.

Unit-V:Neural Network In Control                                                                         

Non-linear fuzzy control-PID like FLC-Sliding mode FLC - Surgeno FLC-adaptive fuzzy control-fuzzy control applications-case studies.

 

PPEA23   Microcomputer Controlled Drives                                       

Unit-I:                                                                                     

DC Drives - Converter fed DC Drives, Microcontroller hardware circuit, flow charts waveforms, Performance characteristics of dc drives fed through single phase converters, 3-phase converters, dual converters, 1-phase fully controlled converter and 3-phase fully controlled converter fed dc drive, Chopper fed DC Drives, hardware, circuits and waveforms., various modes of operation.

Unit-II:                                                                                             

Performance Characteristic Of AC Drives - Description and Performance behaviour of 3-phase induction motor drive Microcomputer controlled inverter fed ac drive - Detailed power circuit, generation of firing pulses and firing circuit, flow charts and waveforms for 1-phase, 3-phase non pwm and 3-phase pwm inverter fed induction drives. Sampling techniques for pwm inverter.

Unit-III:                                                                                  

Mathematical modeling of frequency controlled drive - Development of mathematical model for various components of frequency controlled induction drive.

Unit-IV:                                                                                                                    

Mathematical model of the system for steady state and dynamic behaviour, Study of stability based on the dynamic model of the system.

Unit-V:                                                                                    

Close loop control of microcomputer based drives - Ref. speed, actual speed digital speed measurement (various methods). Types of controllers, position and velocity algorithm, close loop control of microcomputer based Drives.

 

PPEA24   Instrumentation In Electrical Drives                                             

Unit-I:

Review of Transducers - Introduction, measurement of translational and rotational displacement. Resistive potentiometers, strain gauges; differential transformer, synchros, induction potentiometers, piezoelectric transducer; Electro-optical devices, Digital displacement transducers (Translational and rotary encoders).Magnetic and photoelectric pulse counting for speed. Transducers for Torque voltage; current; power; frequency; power factor; and phase angle measurement.

Unit-II:                                                                                   

Signal Conditioning - Necessity, Instrumentation amplifiers, chopper stabilized amplifiers, Impedance converters, Noise problems, shielding and grounding. Concept of filters; Low pass filters; high pass filters; band pass filters ;band rejection filters; digital filters. Integration and differentiation of signals, Dynamic compensation, Linearisation, Concept of A/D and D/A Converters (voltage to frequency and frequency to voltage converter) sample/hold amplifiers, Microprocessor applications in signal conditioning.

Unit-III:                                                                                  

Data Transmission And Recording- Cable transmission of analog voltage and current signals, cable transmission of digital data, Fiber optic data transmission, FM/FM radio telemetry, synchroposition repeater systems.

Unit-IV:                                                                                            

Microprocessor Based Measurement Of Electrical Quantities - Microprocessor based measurement of frequency, phase angle; power factor; voltage; current; reactance; resistance; KVA; KW; KWh and KVAR

Unit-V:                                                                                                                    

Computerised Data Acquisition System - Elements of data acquisition systems, data loggers, instrument interconnection systems; Block diagram and details of computerized data acquisition systems Instrumentation schemes for close loop control of Dc drives and AC drives.

 

PPEA25    Dsp & It’s Applications                                                          

Unit-I:                                                                                     

Introduction to DSP - Classification of signals, Multichannel and multi dimensional continuous v/s discrete time signals, continuous v/s discrete valued signals, continuous time sinusoidal signal, discrete time sinusoidal signals, sampling of analog signal, sampling theorem, quantification and coding of D/A conversion.

Unit-II:Discrete Time Signal and Systems - Discrete time signal, systems, Z-transform & Inverse Z-transform, analysis of discrete time, linear time invariant systems, co-relation of discrete time systems.

Unit-III:Frequency Analysis Of Signals - Frequency analysis of analog signals, frequency analysis of discrete time signals. Properties of Fourier Transform, Frequency Domain Characteristics, Time Frequency Dualities, Sampling of signals in time and frequency domain, DFT & FFT.

Unit-IV:                                                                          

Design Of Digital Filter - Design of linear phase FIR filter using window & frequency sampling method. Design of equiripple linear phase filters. Comparision of design methods for linear phase FIR filters. Design of IIR filters from analog filters. Direct Design Technique for digital IIR filters.

Unit-V:                                                                           

DSP Application - Introduction to digital signal processors chips, case study of different DSP applications. Application of filters to analog & digital signal processor, FET spectrum analyzer.