Choosing the right career option after 12th is very important as there are hundreds of options available to the students of science stream. The career in the medical field is very promising and is one of the best reputed and respected fields and these professionals are in high demand in India and abroad.
The medical field is a satisfying career for students who are fascinated with medicines, diseases, handling ill people, diagnosis, wearing a white coat every day and wish to serve humanity open heartedly. Also, this field is one of the best paying jobs as phases of growth and specialization are rising day by day.
The medical field has a broad range of academic education other than MBBS. It consists of certificate courses, medical diploma courses, bachelor degree courses, master degree courses and many short time knowledge booster courses. Whether you hold a diploma or bachelor degree or master degree, you are always in a good career option.
Candidates can appear in NEET for admission to the top medical colleges of the country. Various institutions and university offer some of the medical courses online. IGNOU is one of the leading universities that provide online admission in the medical field.
Science students have a major advantage over non-science students that they are eligible for science as well as non-science options, as the students from commerce and humanities do not have this privilege.
List of Career after 12th Medical
- M.B.B.S (Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery): MBBS degree holders become physicians. It is the basic degree for an aspiring allopathic doctor. The Medical Council of India is the official body of medical courses. This is 5.5year course-4.5 year academic education and 1-year internship that is mandatory. In this course, students are taught human anatomy, medicine, drugs formulation, physiology, pharmacology, pathology, biochemistry, microbiology and method of surgery. The students interact with the patients and get practical knowledge of the ailments.
Class 12th students with a minimum score of 50%marks (in case of reserved category minimum marks should be 40%).Age- should be minimum 17 years. Students have to appear for National Eligibility Cum Entrance Test conducted by CBSE, New Delhi i.e. NEET.
Institutes offering the course are All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi and Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry (JIPMER).
The career in MBBS and higher studies is very rewarding. The job industry is huge; one can work in a Government or private hospitals, private health firm, medical college, nursing home, health ministry, medical health society, health corporations, medical consultancy and pharmaceutical industries. One can also set up his/her own private clinic and work as a physician; prescribe medicines and treatment of diseases while surgeons can perform operations.
Students can specialize in medicine as well as surgery. On completing MBBS, the next level is MD (Doctor of Medicine) or MS (Master of Surgery) or M.Sc. Medical through one more entrance exam. Postgraduate duration is of 3 yrs. The job profiles of MBBS may be-Doctors, Junior Doctors, Physician, Junior Surgeons, Researcher, Medical Professor or lecturer or Scientist.
- B.D.S (Bachelor of Dental Surgery): Dental Surgeon is basically a surgeon of teeth as well as jaw bones and any medical measure required in the area of teeth. Duration of BDS course is 4 years.
Institutes offering the course are Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi and Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, Karnataka.
- B.A.M.S (Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery): BAMS is a degree in Ayurvedic system of medical field using natural herbs as medicine to treat illness. It is regulated by the Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM). Duration is 5.5years.
Institutes offering the course are Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore, Karnataka and Sri Dhanwantry Ayurvedic College and Hospital, Chandigarh.
- B.H.M.S (Bachelor of Homoeopathic Medicine and Surgery): Homeopathy is the system of alternative medicines. Patients are cured by the natural healing power of the human body as the body rejuvenates itself. Duration is 5.5 years.
After graduating in homoeopathy professional can work as a government doctor or run a private clinic or teach in a homoeopathy college or can pursue MD further.
Institutes offering the course are Nehru Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, New Delhi and Homoeopathic Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh.
- B.U.M.S (Bachelor of Unani Medicine and Surgery): This medicine makes use of Turkish bath, work out, herbal, mineral and animal drugs, surgery. Duration is 4.5 years.
Institutes offering the course are Dr.NTR University of Health Sciences, Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh and Government Unani Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka.
- B.Pharma (Bachelor of Pharmacy): A person wishing to become a pharmacist should complete Bachelor of Pharmacy degree. This degree includes knowledge of pharmacy. Professional makes use of proficiency in medication to assist people to be aware of medications that they are having. Duration is 4 years.
Institutes offering the course are University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh and Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai.
- D.Pharma (Ayurvedic Siddha Medicine): This is a medical diploma course in the pharmacy of ayurvedic medicine. Duration is 2 years.
Institutes offering the course are Amity Institute of Information Technology, Noida, New Delhi and Dayanand Dinanath College, Institute of Pharmacy, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh.
- BMLT (Bachelor of Medical Lab Technicians): BMLT is a bachelor degree of medical laboratory technology. This course includes entire laboratory practices carried out on blood, tissue making use of computers, laboratory tools an, microscopes. Duration is 3 years.
Institutes offering the course are Amity University, Gurgaon and All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi (AIIMS).
- DMLT (Diploma of Medical Lab Technicians): DMLT is a medical diploma course of medical laboratory technology. This course includes entire laboratory practices carried out on blood, tissue making use of computers, laboratory tools and microscopes. Duration is 1 year.
Institutes offering the course are Abhinav Institute of Technology & Management, Maharashtra and Bhartiya Mukt Vidyapeeth (BMV), New Delhi.
- B.P.T (Physiotherapy): This course helps in maintaining the physical condition and functions of patients with degenerative disorders, neurological disorders, bodily challenged through manual treatment, exercise and mobilization. Duration is 4.5 years.
Institutes offering the course are -Madras Medical College, Chennai and Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh.
- B.O.T (Occupational Therapy): This career requires being skilled at working with patients who are disabled. The occupational therapist provides medical help to the patients to do stretches and exercise safely and in a proper manner. Strong communicational skills are also required. Duration is 4.5 years.
Institutes offering the course are All India Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mumbai, Maharashtra and Christian Medical College, Vellore.
- Sanitary Inspector: This course covers hygiene, nutrition, and epidemiology. The study is about keeping the surroundings clean and providing a safe physical condition to the public. The professional is in charge of hygienic control in a variety of fields. Duration is 1 year.
Institutes offering the course are Industrial Training Institute, Nizamabad and Indira Gandhi National Industrial Training Institute, New Delhi.
- Optometrist: This study provides vision care that includes vision checking and rectification. Professionals are trained to make out eye illness and prescribe fit lenses to improve vision. Duration is 4 years.
Institutes offering the course are Amity University, Gurgaon and Impact Paramedical and Health Institute, New Delhi.
- B.Sc. in Medical Stream: Admission to the B.Sc. courses is done on the basis of class 12th examination in PCB/PCM stream. Some universities also conduct entrance exam for admission. Each college has different admission procedures. B. Sc. graduates can further pursue Master’s degree (M.Sc.), PhD and M.Phil. Teaching is another option. Some of the B.Sc. courses that have a good career are:-
- B.Sc. - Nursing: This course provides qualified nurses who can take care of various patients having medical or surgical requirements. A person who is genuinely interested to serve the society by treating and taking care of the patients should go for this course. This can be a very satisfying and gratifying career. Duration is 4 years and the course is divided into two parts-B.Sc. Basic and B.Sc. Post-Basic.
Institutes offering the course are Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry and All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.
Advanced education can be done at the graduate level for specialization as an advanced practice registered nurse (APRN). Students can go for Masters in nursing generating more demand and better opportunities.
- B.Sc – Agriculture Science: The main aim of this course is to use modern scientific equipment and techniques, learn soil science, water resource management, animal and poultry management, basics for biotechnology and train students on these concepts to improve agriculture productivity which results in future development through research activities. Agriculture is the mainstay of Indian Economy. It includes the production of fruits, vegetables and food grains.
This is an undergraduate Agriculture Science and Technology course. The program is of 4 years and eligible students have to appear for entrance examination.
Some of the courses that can be selected are-B.Sc. Agriculture, B.Sc. (Hons) Agriculture, B.Sc. Agricultural Eco and Farm Management, Agricultural Meteorology, Agricultural Biotechnology, Agricultural Statistics, Agronomy, Crop Physiology, Entomology, Bio-Chemistry and Agricultural Chemistry, Agriculture Marketing and Business Management.
Institutes offering the course are Indira Gandhi Agricultural University, Raipur and University of Agricultural Sciences, Raichur.
Opportunities are present in Government jobs. State Agriculture Department and government banks recruit graduates. In the Private sector, graduates find jobs at Plantations, Fertilizer Manufacturing firms, Agriculture Machinery Industries, Agricultural products Marketing firms, Food processing units.
- B.Sc - Horticulture: Horticulture includes the cultivation of plants and their conservation, landscape restoration, landscape and garden design, maintenance. It is the art, science and technology of growing and cultivation of plants such as medicinal plants, vegetables, fruits, seeds, herbs, mushrooms, sprouts, algae, flowers, non-food crops such as grass and ornamental trees. A horticulturist uses his skills and knowledge to improve plant growth, quality, nutritional value, yield, resistance to insects and diseases.
After 12th Diploma can be done and after bachelor’s degree master in horticulture and PhD. programmes PG or master’s degree in the relevant field is required. Various universities conduct their own entrance exams for PhD programmes. Bachelor’s degree with a minimum of 60% is required for further studies.
Master’s courses that can be chosen are-Masters of Science (M.Sc.) in Horticulture-2 years, Postgraduate Diploma in Horticulture and Landscape Gardening-1 year, M.Sc. Ag.-Horticulture (Floriculture and Landscaping)-2 years.
Institutes offering the course are University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore and College of Agriculture, Pune.
- B.Sc - Forestry: Students who are the nature lover and want an adventurous career may choose this course. The main aim of this study is to provide theoretical and practical knowledge in the areas of forestry. Students learn about tree plantation, natural resources, and managing forests. Duration is 4 years which is further divided into 8 semesters.
After completing this course one can start research work or go for higher studies i.e. Master’s Degree. Candidates can find jobs in industries that utilize forests, in Wildlife Ranges, Zoological Parks or in Government Sector.
Institutes offering course are Agricultural Engineering College & Research Institute and Doon College of Agriculture Science& Technology.
- B.Sc. - Biochemistry: Biochemistry is the study of using chemical processes and principles in studying biological process and living matter. Biochemistry is 3 years course and further divided into 6 semesters. After completing the course, students can pursue M.Sc. in Biochemistry and PhD further. These courses are available in the University of Delhi, Nagpur University and Bangalore University.
Institutes offering the course are The Oxford College of Science, Bangalore and Sri Venkateswara College, New Delhi.
- B.Sc - Microbiology: This field is the study of living organisms that may be a cluster of cells, single cell or number of cells that are invisible to the naked eye such as fungi, viruses, bacteria. There are many types of microbiology but the most known is Medical Microbiology. This deals with human illness. Other Microbiology fields are environmental, food and veterinary microbiology. There is an entrance examination to shortlist candidates and the duration is 3 years.
There are various career opportunities and jobs in this field such as Food, Research and development, Laboratories in hospitals, beverage and chemical industries, agriculture and healthcare research and pharmaceutical, etc.
Institutes offering the course are Bhilai Mahila Mahavidyalaya(BMM), Durg and Adesh Institute of Medical Science & Research, Bathinda.
Graduates can apply for M.Sc. Microbiology/Applied Microbiology for specialization and PhD further. Microbiology jobs at foreign universities or Research and Development (R&D) of major pharmaceutical companies. Research opportunities in urban disease control, clinical research, analytical development and new drug development are expanding. Self-employed microbiologists can set up their own laboratories.
- B.Sc - Biotechnology: This field is a combination of biology with modern technology. It helps scientists to develop treatments for various diseases which are helpful for humans and other living forms. Duration is 3 years which includes theory, practice and research.
Institutes offering the course are Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee and Delhi Technological University.
After B.Sc. Biotechnology, one may go for M.Sc. course. Duration of this is 2 years. After M.Sc. one may venture into PhD. Another option after B.Sc. Biotechnology is an M.B.A. Degree for 2 years duration.
Job opportunities in Government and private sector are available. Industries that offer jobs are Pharmaceutical, healthcare, chemical and research sector.
- B.Sc - Bioinformatics: The field of bioinformatics makes use of computers and technology while studying biological processes. Bioinformatics is a field of biosciences that applies statistics to the molecular body. The duration of the course is 3 years.
Institutes offering the course are Achariya Arts and Science College, Puducherry and DAV College, Chandigarh.
The professionals can find a career in biotechnology, biomedical sciences and pharmaceutical companies. Graduates can seek employment in private and governmental hospitals. They can also opt for teaching jobs in universities and colleges and can also work with leading scientific research institutes; biomedical products manufacturing industries also employ a large number of professionals in this field.
This degree can be followed by doing an M.Sc., followed by a further higher qualification.
- B.Sc - Forensic Science: This field involves the investigation of a crime with the help of applying scientific principles. The analysis could be anything, from an object at the crime scene, soil, blood stains, bodily fluids, fingerprints, recovering data from computers, researching new techniques, DNA profiling. The job is to work in a lab, results to be analyzed that helps to solve cases and catch criminals.
There are degree and diplomas and one can select among the options available-Undergraduate course is for 3 years, Postgraduate course is for 2 years (M.Sc. and PG Diploma in Forensic Science), Doctoral Courses is for 3 years. After graduation M.Sc. Forensic Science &Criminology. Post-Graduation-MD (after MBBS) and PhD can be done. MBBS is another option which can lead to the forensic science field in the master’s level.
Institutes offering the course are Anna University, Chennai and Central Forensic Laboratory, Kolkata.
Some other Opportunities Available to the Students after 12th Science are Mentioned below: Fisheries Science, Nautical Science, Environmental Science, Food Technology and Quality Assurance, Nutrition and Dietetics, Veterinary Science, Animal Husbandry, Audiology, Speech and Language Pathology, Radiography, Rehabilitation Therapy, Botany, Zoology, Geology, Anthropology, Home Science, Aviation, Psychology, Genetics, Electronics, Computer Science, Information Technology, Multimedia, Animation, Fashion Technology, Interior Design.
One can also go for Indian Civil Services or Combined Medical Services exams after going through any of the above Bachelor’s Degree in medical stream. Those who are more adventurous and energetic can opt for Defense services in the related fields.
